What are color differnces?

WHAT ARE COLOR DIFFERENCES?

MANY INDUSTRIES THAT USE COLORING PROCESSES HAVE TO SUPPLY PRODUCTS THAT ARE THE SAME COLOR AND THAT LOOK THE SAME, MEANING THAT DEVIATIONS FROM THE ORIGINAL OR THE STANDARD HAVE TO BE AS SLIGHT AS POSSIBLE. IN PRACTICE IT IS IN MOST CASES NOT POSSIBLE TO MATCH THE COLOR OF A PRODUCT 100%, AS EVEN THE SAME SAMPLE (E.G. A T-SHIRT) WILL EXHIBIT MINIMAL COLOR DIFFERENCES IN DIFFERENT PLACES, ALTHOUGH THESE ARE NOT VISIBLE TO THE HUMAN EYE.
COLOR DIFFERENCES SUCH AS THESE CAN BE MEASURED AND RECORDED USING COLORIMETRY. IN ORDER TO ESTABLISH THE COLOR DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TWO SAMPLES, THE COLOR COORDINATES OF THE STANDARD AND THE MATCH ARE ENTERED IN A COLOR SPACE. THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THE TWO POINTS AS ENTERED REPRESENTS THE COLOR DIFFERENCE OF THE TWO SAMPLES.
THE CIELAB COLOR SYSTEM AND COLOR DIFFERENCES ARE USED HERE IN MOST CASES.
DE* REPRESENTS THE TOTAL COLOR DIFFERENCE, WHICH IS MADE UP OF THE DIFFERENCES IN CHROMA, DC*, (MORE BRILLIANT / DULLER), HUE, DH*, (GREENER, YELLOWER, BLUER, REDDER ...) AND LIGHTNESS, DL*, (LIGHTER OR DARKER). THE TOTAL COLOR DIFFERENCE CAN ALSO BE MADE UP OF THE DIFFERENCE IN LIGHTNESS, DL*, A*, DA*, AND B*, DB*.