RAISING (NAPPING):-
THE RAISING PROCESS IS A VERY OLD TECHNIQUE KNOWN ALSO TO ROMANS (AS PICTURE IN SOME PAINTINGS FOUND IN POMPEII). THIS OPERATION IS PARTICULARLY IS SUITABLE FOR WOOL AND COTTON FABRICS; IT GIVES A FUZZY SURFACE BY ABRADING THE CLOTH AND PULLING THE FIBRE END TO THE SURFACE. DURING THOSE LAST YEARS THIS PROCESS HAS ALSO BEEN APPLIED ON POLYESTER/VISCOSE BLENDS AND ACRYLIC FABRICS.
BY MEANS OF THIS PROCESS A HAIRY SURFACE CAN BE GIVEN TO BOTH FACE AND BACK OF THE CLOTH PROVIDING SEVERAL MODIFICATIONS OF THE FABRIC APPEARANCE, SOFTER AND FULLER HAND AND BULK INCREASE. THIS ENHANCES THE RESISTANCE OF THE TEXTILE MATERIAL TO ATMOSPHERIC AGENTS, BY IMPROVING THERMAL INSULATION AND WARMTH PROVIDED BY THE INSULATING AIR CELLS IN THE NAP. THE FUZZY SURFACE IS CREATED BY PULLING THE FIBRE END OUT OF THE YARNS BY MEANS OF METAL NEEDLESS PROVIDED WITH HOOKS SHELLED INTO THE ROLLERS THAT SCRAPE THE FABRIC SURFACE. THE ENDS OF THE NEEDLESS PROTRUDING FROM THE ROLLERS ARE 45 DEGREE HOOKS; THEIR THICKNESS AND LENGTH CAN VARY AND THEY ARE FITTED IN A SPECIAL RUBBER BELT SPIRAL-WOUND ON THE RAISING ROLLERS. THESE ROLLERS ARE GENERALLY ALTERNATED WITH A ROLLER WITH HOOKS DIRECTED TOWARDS THE FABRIC FEED DIRECTION (PILE ROLLER), AND A ROLLER WITH THE HOOKS FITTED IN THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION (COUNTERPILE ROLLER).
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