ENZYMATIC PRECLEANING:-
AMYLASES ARE MOST OFTEN APPLIED IN DESIZING OF WOVEN FABRIC TO DECOMPOSE STARCH SIZES. FURTHERMORE SPECIAL ENZYMES LIKE PECTINASES AND/OR HEMACELLULASES ARE APPLIED IN PRE TREATMENT TO OBTAIN AN OPTIMAL CLEANING OF THE MATERIAL.
Tuesday, April 14, 2009
Shelf Life
SHELF LIFE:-
THE PERIOD OF TIME SOME PRODUCT CAN BE STORED "ON THE SHELL" BEFORE IT DEGRADES TO SOME POINT OF REDUCED EFFECTIVENESS; SOME CHEMICALS, INCLUDING DYES, HAVE LIMITED SHELF LIFE,THEY DEGRADE OVER TIME, EVENTUALLY BECOMING COMPLETELY USELESS FOR THEIR INTENDED PURPOSE.
THE PERIOD OF TIME SOME PRODUCT CAN BE STORED "ON THE SHELL" BEFORE IT DEGRADES TO SOME POINT OF REDUCED EFFECTIVENESS; SOME CHEMICALS, INCLUDING DYES, HAVE LIMITED SHELF LIFE,THEY DEGRADE OVER TIME, EVENTUALLY BECOMING COMPLETELY USELESS FOR THEIR INTENDED PURPOSE.
Soaping Or Soaping Off
SOAPING (OR SOAPING OFF):-
WITH RESPECT TO DYEING, THE PROCESS WASHING DYED FABRICS WITH VERY HOT (OFTEN BOILING) WATER WITH SURFACTANTS AND SOAP TO REMOVE DYE THAT IS NOT FIXED TO THE FIBRE; SOAPING OFF IS IMPORTANT PARTICULARLY WITH SOME REACTIVE DYES, SINCE A GOOD DEAL OF HYDROLYZED DYE IS LOOSELY BONDED TO THE FABRIC, AND MUST BE REMOVED TO AVOID STAINING OF OTHER GARMENTS OR FABRIC IN LAUNDERING; SOAPING IS ALSO IMPORTANT IN VAT DYEING, WHERE THERE ARE ACTUAL CHANGES, INCLUDING HUE,IN THE DYE IN THE FIBRE; THOUGH SURFACTANTS ARE OFTEN USED, THEY MAY ACTUALLY CONTRIBUTE ALMOST NOTHING TO THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE PROCESS.
WITH RESPECT TO DYEING, THE PROCESS WASHING DYED FABRICS WITH VERY HOT (OFTEN BOILING) WATER WITH SURFACTANTS AND SOAP TO REMOVE DYE THAT IS NOT FIXED TO THE FIBRE; SOAPING OFF IS IMPORTANT PARTICULARLY WITH SOME REACTIVE DYES, SINCE A GOOD DEAL OF HYDROLYZED DYE IS LOOSELY BONDED TO THE FABRIC, AND MUST BE REMOVED TO AVOID STAINING OF OTHER GARMENTS OR FABRIC IN LAUNDERING; SOAPING IS ALSO IMPORTANT IN VAT DYEING, WHERE THERE ARE ACTUAL CHANGES, INCLUDING HUE,IN THE DYE IN THE FIBRE; THOUGH SURFACTANTS ARE OFTEN USED, THEY MAY ACTUALLY CONTRIBUTE ALMOST NOTHING TO THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE PROCESS.
Sizing
SIZING:-
IN TEXTILES, A MATERIAL APPLIED TO YARNS OR FABRICS TO MAKE THEM STIFFY OR TEMPORARILY BIND FIBRES TOGETHER; SIZING IS USED EXTENSIVELY, SPECIALLY FOR CELLULOSE FIBRES, TO MAKE THEM EASIER TO PROCESS OR PROTECT THEM FROM DAMAGE DURING HIGH SPEED WEAVING; A WIDE VARIETY OF COMPOUNDS, INCLUDING STARCHES AND OTHER PLANT DERIVATIVES, AND SYNTHETIC ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, SUCH AS POLYVINYL ALCOHOL, ARE USED FOR SIZING. SIZING MATERIALS CAN INTERFERE WITH DYEING; SO IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THEY ARE REMOVED BY DESIZING, USUALLY PRIOR TO SCOURING BUT SOMETIMES AS PART OF THE SCOURING PROCESS.
IN TEXTILES, A MATERIAL APPLIED TO YARNS OR FABRICS TO MAKE THEM STIFFY OR TEMPORARILY BIND FIBRES TOGETHER; SIZING IS USED EXTENSIVELY, SPECIALLY FOR CELLULOSE FIBRES, TO MAKE THEM EASIER TO PROCESS OR PROTECT THEM FROM DAMAGE DURING HIGH SPEED WEAVING; A WIDE VARIETY OF COMPOUNDS, INCLUDING STARCHES AND OTHER PLANT DERIVATIVES, AND SYNTHETIC ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, SUCH AS POLYVINYL ALCOHOL, ARE USED FOR SIZING. SIZING MATERIALS CAN INTERFERE WITH DYEING; SO IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THEY ARE REMOVED BY DESIZING, USUALLY PRIOR TO SCOURING BUT SOMETIMES AS PART OF THE SCOURING PROCESS.
Color Kitchens
COLOUR KITCHENS:-
THE COLOUR KITCHEN CAN BE A MANUAL SYSTEM WHERE ALL THE OPERATIONS FOR PREPARING THE THICKENER, WEIGHING THE DYES AND THE AUXILIARIES, DISSOLVING AND PREPARING OF MASTER BATCHES AND CUTTING PASTES IS MANUALLY CARRIED OUT BY THE OPERATORS WORKING ON THE COLOUR KITCHEN.
THIS APPROACH TO WORK ENTAILS SOME PROBLEMS BOTH FOR HEALTH PROTECTION AND RESULTS; SMALL INACCURACIES, MOMENTARY DISTRACTION OF THE OPERATOR AS WELL AS DIFFERENT WAYS OF WORKING OF VARIOUS OPERATORS CAN COMPROMISE THE REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS.
NOW MANY MANUFACTURERS USE AUTOMATIC COLOUR KITCHEN BOTH FOR SAMPLING AND PRODUCTION PURPOSES. IN THESE COLOUR KITCHENS THE VARIOUS MASTER BATCHES AND THE CUTTING THICKENERS ARE STORED IN BIG CONTAINERS FROM WHICH THEY ARE AUTOMATICALLY TAKEN BY MEANS OF PUMPS TO BE THEN USED OR TO PREPARE THE CUTS. SPECIAL AUTOMATIC DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS CAN REPRODUCE THE STORED RECIPES (BY RECALLING THEM BY MEANS OF THE KEYBOARD) AND ACCURATELY WEIGH, BLEND AND MIX THE COMPONENTS.
IN SEVERAL COLOUR KITCHENS THE BALANCE INCORPORATING THE CONTAINER FOR PREPARING THE PASTES IS PLACED ON A TROLLEY, WHICH IS MOVED AUTOMATICALLY UNDER THE DISPENSER NOZZLE OF THE CONTAINERS (FOR CUTTING AND BLENDING THE VARIOUS MASTER BATCHES). IN OTHER COLOUR KITCHENS DISTRIBUTION NOZZLES ARE ASSEMBLED ALL TOGETHER ABOVE THE BALANCE. THE PRODUCTS MUST BE PERFECTLY BLENDED BEFORE USE.
THE COLOUR KITCHEN CAN BE A MANUAL SYSTEM WHERE ALL THE OPERATIONS FOR PREPARING THE THICKENER, WEIGHING THE DYES AND THE AUXILIARIES, DISSOLVING AND PREPARING OF MASTER BATCHES AND CUTTING PASTES IS MANUALLY CARRIED OUT BY THE OPERATORS WORKING ON THE COLOUR KITCHEN.
THIS APPROACH TO WORK ENTAILS SOME PROBLEMS BOTH FOR HEALTH PROTECTION AND RESULTS; SMALL INACCURACIES, MOMENTARY DISTRACTION OF THE OPERATOR AS WELL AS DIFFERENT WAYS OF WORKING OF VARIOUS OPERATORS CAN COMPROMISE THE REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS.
NOW MANY MANUFACTURERS USE AUTOMATIC COLOUR KITCHEN BOTH FOR SAMPLING AND PRODUCTION PURPOSES. IN THESE COLOUR KITCHENS THE VARIOUS MASTER BATCHES AND THE CUTTING THICKENERS ARE STORED IN BIG CONTAINERS FROM WHICH THEY ARE AUTOMATICALLY TAKEN BY MEANS OF PUMPS TO BE THEN USED OR TO PREPARE THE CUTS. SPECIAL AUTOMATIC DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS CAN REPRODUCE THE STORED RECIPES (BY RECALLING THEM BY MEANS OF THE KEYBOARD) AND ACCURATELY WEIGH, BLEND AND MIX THE COMPONENTS.
IN SEVERAL COLOUR KITCHENS THE BALANCE INCORPORATING THE CONTAINER FOR PREPARING THE PASTES IS PLACED ON A TROLLEY, WHICH IS MOVED AUTOMATICALLY UNDER THE DISPENSER NOZZLE OF THE CONTAINERS (FOR CUTTING AND BLENDING THE VARIOUS MASTER BATCHES). IN OTHER COLOUR KITCHENS DISTRIBUTION NOZZLES ARE ASSEMBLED ALL TOGETHER ABOVE THE BALANCE. THE PRODUCTS MUST BE PERFECTLY BLENDED BEFORE USE.
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